Content: Study what social conditions are most conducive to a balance among values for personal, collective, and relational wellness. Ask citizens what they would change in their societies to advance neglected values and priorities. Frame research topics and questions in action-oriented terms of how they will advance the interests of the oppressed groups under study.

Process: Promote participants’ self-determination and democratic participation in research project. Formulate research agenda with community members by engaging in participatory process, attending to diversity of stakeholders and differing levels of power and ability to communicate their needs and values.

Content: Study how power suffuses social relations that perpetuate oppression, what social change strategies work under what circumstances, and what are social conditions most conducive to personal and collective emancipation.

Process: Negotiate with multiple research stakeholders ways to reduce power differences by creating representative steering committees. Ensure voice and interests of participants are represented in research. Create climate of collaboration and foster sense of collective ownership to ensure that there is follow-up of research recommendations.

Content: Reframe problems and evaluate social interventions that are designed to enhance the personal, relational, and collective wellness of oppressed groups.

Process: Use participatory action research techniques. Identify with research participants goals and objectives for social change that would benefit their community. Ensure there is follow-up on recommendations for systemic change after data collection.